弹簧压并状态下悬架减振器绕流涡旋特性分析

为研究汽车行驶过程中减振器弹簧压并状态下翼子板内流场特性的变化,将该状态下的减振器简化为三维变截面圆柱模型,并建立变截面圆柱绕流三维流场模型,利用Transition SST四方程转捩模型模拟低、中、高3种车速对大、小圆柱绕流涡旋特性的影响.结果表明:绕流后尾涡的大小、形态、上升角均受圆柱直径、雷诺数及边界条件的影响,在变截面处验证“下洗”运动对N区边缘涡生长的直接作用及对L区涡旋分布的干扰作用;3种流速下适合绕流涡旋振动压电能量回收的最优夹角分别为±10°,±15°,±20°;在有界的高雷诺数流场下对变截面圆柱绕流涡旋重新分区,发现新的涡旋连接方式.     

基于知识图谱的核电设备健康管理知识建模与分析

随着信息技术发展,设备健康数据与知识图谱技术结合为设备健康发展带来新的发展机遇,知识图谱利用其多种特异性优势,使企业系统中积累的海量设备维修数据得到有效整合利用.本文提出基于知识图谱的核电设备健康管理知识建模与分析方法,并根据实体关系模型构建维修知识图谱本体框架,同时基于核电企业实际的维修工单数据,从统计分析和关联分析两方面取得良好的实践效果.研究结果表明,知识图谱能够在设备维修知识的集成上解决传统的数据孤岛问题,同时能基于故障的可视化分析为维修人员和管理人员提供决策和知识支持.     

加速寿命数据的贝叶斯建模与分析

在加速寿命试验的可靠性设计中, 随机化设计的限制以及删失数据不可避免地导致低分位数估计出现较大的偏差。针对上述的问题, 结合贝叶斯抽样技术以及非线性混合模型(nonlinear mixed model, NLMM)提出了一种可靠性改进的分析方法。首先, 需要检验所收集的数据是否服从威布尔分布以及验证形状参数是否是恒定常数。其次, 考虑随机效应对尺度参数和形状参数的影响, 运用NLMM构建了尺度参数和形状参数与试验因子之间的函数关系。然后, 利用贝叶斯方法估计低分位数的可靠性寿命。最后, 实际案例研究表明, 在考虑删失问题和未完全随机设计的影响时, 所提方法能够获得更为稳健和可靠的估计结果。     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

不同基肥处理对赣南稀土尾矿种植皇竹草的农艺性状及产量的影响

试验研究在稀土尾矿上不施基肥(对照组),施用粪污处理后的牛场沼液(B)、发酵牛粪(C)、牛粪养殖的蚯蚓粪(E)、发酵牛粪+牛场沼液(C+B)、牛粪养殖的蚯蚓粪+牛场沼液(E+B)5种基肥处理后,对皇竹草农艺性状及产量的影响.结果表明:B处理未能提升皇竹草存活率、农艺性状和产量,显著低于其余4个处理组,C、E处理与C+B、E+B处理之间的存活率、农艺性状和产量差异不显著.C、E、C+B、E+B处理均能有效提升皇竹草的株高、分蘖数、茎粗、单株高重和产量,株高、单株重和产量上,以E和E+B处理效果最好,分蘖数、茎粗在4个处理组间差异不明显.综上所述,在赣南稀土尾矿上种植皇竹草,施用蚯蚓粪作为基肥对皇竹草农艺性状及产量的提升效果最好.     

超强筋小麦粉面包烘焙技术研究

为了烘焙出能充分表现超强筋小麦济麦229面粉品质特性的优良面包,设置了4种醒发时间处理、5种酵母和糖用量处理、4种配粉处理,对超强筋小麦面粉的面包品质进行了评价分析。结果表明,在4个醒发时间处理中,当面团醒发时间为30min和面包胚醒发时间为50min时,烘焙的面包品质最好。在5种酵母和糖用量的处理中,利用吐司面包程序时,干酵母和糖的用量分别为6g和24g时烘焙的面包品质最好；利用法式面包程序时,干酵母和糖的用量分别为3g和18g时烘焙的面包品质最好。在4个配粉处理中,200g超强筋小麦济麦229面粉中添加100g普通小麦济麦22面粉的混粉烘焙得到的面包品质最好。因此,适当调整超强筋小麦粉面包的面团、面包胚醒发时间及物料配比,可以烘焙出品质优良的面包。     

企业现金持有水平对创新投入的影响研究基于现金保障天数的实证检验

目前我国新发展格局正在加速形成，企业需要抓住自主创新的机遇，因此一定水平的创新投入必不可少。然而，企业持有足够的现金是否能有效促进创新？本研究以2014~2019年我国A股上市公司为研究样本，首次使用企业的现金保障天数衡量现金持有水平，实证检验了现金持有水平与企业创新投入的关系。结论表明，现金持有水平能正向影响企业创新投入，且业绩波动性正向调节企业现金持有水平与创新投入之间的关系。异质性检验表明，非国有企业比国有企业现金持有水平对创新投入的促进作用更大，业绩波动性在非国有企业中调节效应更显著。企业可通过提高其现金保障天数来保证创新项目的资金投入，提高创新投入水平。     

General mechanisms of drought response and their application in drought resistance improvement in plants

Plants often encounter unfavorable environmental conditions because of their sessile lifestyle. These adverse factors greatly affect the geographic distribution of plants, as well as their growth and productivity. Drought stress is one of the premier limitations to global agricultural production due to the complexity of the water-limiting environment and changing climate. Plants have evolved a series of mechanisms at the morphological, physiological, biochemical, cellular, and molecular levels to overcome water deficit or drought stress conditions. The drought resistance of plants can be divided into four basic types-drought avoidance, drought tolerance, drought escape, and drought recovery. Various drought-related traits, including root traits, leaf traits, osmotic adjustment capabilities, water potential, ABA content, and stability of the cell membrane, have been used as indicators to evaluate the drought resistance of plants. In the last decade, scientists have investigated the genetic and molecular mechanisms of drought resistance to enhance the drought resistance of various crops, and significant progress has been made with regard to drought avoidance and drought tolerance. With increasing knowledge to comprehensively decipher the complicated mechanisms of drought resistance in model plants, it still remains an enormous challenge to develop water-saving and drought-resistant crops to cope with the water shortage and increasing demand for food production in the future.